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The Socialist Party is a Trotskyist political party in England and Wales which adopted its current name in 1997. It was formerly known as Militant, an entryist group in the Labour Party from 1964 until it abandoned that tactic in 1991. It stands under the electoral banner of the Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition (TUSC).〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Socialist Party )〕 The Socialist Party has members in executive positions in a number of trade unions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Socialist Party )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Socialist Party British Perspectives,_March 2014 Congress )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Socialist Party )〕 It has sister parties in Scotland and Ireland and is a member of the Committee for a Workers' International and the European Anti-Capitalist Left. It is considered by many centre-left publications as being on the hard left of British politics. ==History== (詳細はMilitant group (also known as the Militant tendency) which practised entryist tactics in the Labour Party and organised around the ''Militant'' newspaper. Founded in 1964, the ''Militant'' newspaper described itself as the "Marxist voice of Labour and Youth". In the 1980s, prominent Militant supporters Dave Nellist, Pat Wall and Terry Fields were elected to the House of Commons as Labour MPs. In 1982, the Liverpool District Labour Party adopted Militant's policies for Liverpool City Council in its battle against cuts in the rate support grant from government, and adopted the slogan "Better to break the law than break the poor". It came into conflict with the Conservative government. In 1989-90, Militant led the All-Britain Anti-Poll Tax Federation, which organized a successful non-payment campaign against the Community Charge, commonly called the poll tax. Militant's battles in Liverpool and against the poll tax involved defiance of what it regarded as iniquitous laws. Militant supporting Labour MP Terry Fields was jailed for refusing to pay the poll tax and expelled from the Labour Party for defying the law. The Labour Party had earlier found Militant guilty of operating as an entryist group with a programme and organisation entirely separate from that of the Labour Party running contrary to the party's constitution. Militant rejected these findings, claiming it stood for Labour's core socialist policies, whilst the 'right-wing' leadership were the real infiltrators, intent on changing the Labour Party into a capitalist party. In 1991, there was a debate within Militant as to whether to continue working within the Labour Party. The debate centred around whether Militant could still effectively operate in the Labour Party following the expulsions, whereas previously, under a more left-wing National Executive Committee (NEC), the Labour Party had not been inclined to support expulsions. Furthermore, the ferment and anger the poll tax had generated suggested that there was more to be gained as an open organisation than inside a Labour Party which opposed the Anti-Poll Tax Unions' tactic of non-payment of the tax. At a special conference 93% of delegates voted for the 'Open Turn'. A minority around Ted Grant broke away to form Socialist Appeal and remain in the Labour Party. This debate ran alongside a parallel debate on the future of Scottish politics. The result was that the experiment of operating as an "open party" was first undertaken in Scotland under the name of Scottish Militant Labour, standing Tommy Sheridan for election from his jail cell.〔This initiative would eventually lead to the foundation of the Scottish Socialist Alliance. The majority of Scottish members, after forming the Scottish Socialist Party, left the Committee for a Workers' International (CWI – the international socialist organisation which the Socialist Party is affiliated to) in early 2001 as the Scottish majority moved away from traditional Trotskyist politics. The CWI in Scotland now works as part of Solidarity – Scotland's Socialist Movement.〕 The Militant tendency became Militant Labour in 1991, after leaving the Labour Party. The journal ''Militant International Review'', founded in 1969, became a monthly publication and was renamed ''Socialism Today'' in 1995.〔(Fighting for socialism: One hundred issues ), by the editor, Lynn Walsh. Retrieved 2007-07-29〕 In 1997, Militant Labour changed its name to the Socialist Party, and the Militant newspaper was renamed the Socialist in the same year. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Socialist Party (England and Wales)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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